Kumquat is a small, oval citrus fruit prized for its edible peel and mildly tart flesh, making it unique among citrus fruits where the entire fruit is consumed fresh or preserved.
CategoryFruits
Scientific nameCitrus japonica (syn. Fortunella japonica)
OriginSouthern China
History & Origins
Kumquats have been cultivated in China for over 3,000 years, primarily in the southern provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, and Guangxi. They were introduced to Europe in the 19th century by Scottish botanist Robert Fortune, who brought several varieties to England in 1846. The name derives from the Cantonese word 'gam gwat' meaning 'golden orange.' They were classified in the genus Fortunella until genetic studies in the 21st century reclassified them within the genus Citrus.
Nutrition Facts
Per 100 g, edible portion (estimated)
- 60 kcalCalories
- 83 gWater
- 0.8 gProtein
- 0.4 gFat
- 0.1 gSaturated Fat
- 15 gCarbs
- 1.6 gFiber
- 14 gSugars
- 168 mgPotassium
- 11 mgCalcium
- 0.2 mgIron
- 10 mgMagnesium
- 36 mgVitamin C
- 54 mcgVitamin A
- 4 mcgVitamin K
- 43 mcgFolate
Culinary Uses
- Eaten whole fresh as a snack, including the edible peel
- Made into marmalades, jams, and preserves
- Candied in sugar syrup for desserts and garnishes
- Used in savory dishes including salads and stir-fries
- Infused in spirits such as vodka and gin
- Added to sauces, marinades, and glazes for pork and poultry
- Pressed for juice used in cocktails and marinades
Known Benefits
- High in vitamin C, supporting immune function
- Contains dietary fiber promoting digestive health
- Rich in antioxidants including flavonoids and carotenoids
- Good source of vitamin A for eye health
- Low calorie snack with natural sweetness
Hidden Benefits
- Contains kumquatidin and other unique flavonoids not found in other citrus
- Peel contains essential oils with antimicrobial properties
- Contains synephrine, a compound that may support metabolism
- Good source of potassium for cardiovascular health
- Contains pectin, a soluble fiber that supports healthy cholesterol levels
Cautions & Considerations
- May trigger allergic reactions in individuals with citrus allergies
- High acid content may irritate sensitive stomachs or cause heartburn
- May interact with certain medications metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes
- Peel may contain pesticide residues if not washed thoroughly or purchased organic
- High consumption may lead to digestive discomfort due to fiber content
