Crispy on the outside and pillowy soft within, this Nigerien street-food classic is made from a lightly fermented rice batter seasoned with onion and chili, then shallow-fried until deeply golden. Traditionally enjoyed at breakfast or as an afternoon snack with a mug of sweet tea or a peppery tomato dipping sauce.
Prep Time25 mins
Cook Time20 mins
Total Time45 mins
Servings4
Yield14 small cakes
Nutrition Facts
Per serving (estimated)
- 380 kcalCalories
- 14 gFat
- 2 gSaturated Fat
- 56 gCarbs
- 2 gFiber
- 4 gSugar
- 7 gProtein
- 620 mgSodium
- 180 mgPotassium
- 40 mgCalcium
- 2 mgIron
- 18 mgVitamin C
- 25 mcgVitamin A
Ingredients
For the fermented rice batter
- 2 cups parboiled long-grain rice, rinsed and soaked 3 hours
- 1 1/2 cups warm water, plus 2 tablespoons if needed
- 1 teaspoon active dry yeast
- 1 tablespoon granulated sugar
- 1/2 cup all-purpose flour
- 1 teaspoon fine sea salt
For the aromatics and frying
- 1 small yellow onion, very finely chopped
- 1 scotch bonnet pepper, minced (seeds removed for milder heat)
- 2 tablespoons finely chopped fresh parsley
- Vegetable oil, about 1 1/2 inches deep in a heavy skillet
Directions
- Drain the soaked rice and add it to a blender with the warm water; blend in batches for 2 to 3 minutes until you have a smooth, pourable batter the thickness of heavy cream, loosening with the extra water if needed.
- Pour the batter into a large bowl, stir in the yeast and sugar, cover loosely with a clean towel, and let it ferment in a warm spot for 1 to 2 hours until bubbly and slightly risen on top.
- Whisk the flour and salt into the fermented batter until completely smooth, then fold in the chopped onion, scotch bonnet, and parsley; rest the batter for 10 minutes so the flour hydrates.
- Heat the oil in a heavy skillet over medium heat until it reaches 350°F (175°C), or until a small drop of batter sizzles and rises to the surface immediately.
- Using a large spoon or small ladle, carefully drop rounded portions of batter (about 2 tablespoons each) into the hot oil, leaving space between them; do not crowd the pan.
- Fry for 2 to 3 minutes per side, turning once, until each cake is puffed, deeply golden brown, and cooked through; adjust the heat as needed so the cakes brown without burning.
- Lift the cakes out with a slotted spoon and drain on a wire rack or paper-towel-lined tray; repeat with the remaining batter, maintaining the oil temperature between batches.
- Serve immediately while hot and crispy, with a side of spicy tomato-pepper sauce or a simple sprinkle of salt and a wedge of lime.
Cook’s Notes
- A longer fermentation (up to 4 hours) will give a tangier, more traditional flavor; the batter is ready when it smells slightly yeasty and looks airy.
- Keep the oil temperature steady at 350°F or the cakes will absorb excess oil; use a thermometer for best results.
- For a sweet version, omit the onion, pepper, and parsley and increase the sugar to 3 tablespoons; serve with honey or jam.
- The batter thickens as it rests, so whisk in a splash of warm water before frying the final batch to keep it spoonable.
- Best eaten the day they are made, but leftover cakes can be reheated in a dry skillet over low heat to restore their crisp edges.










